What are the three components of standing in legal terms?

The correct answer identifies the three essential components of standing in legal terms: injury in fact, causation, and redressability.

Injury in fact refers to a tangible, concrete personal harm that the plaintiff has suffered or will suffer. This harm must be specific and not merely hypothetical. For instance, a plaintiff who has been directly harmed by a government action or an intrusion into their rights would meet this criterion.

Causation establishes a direct link between the plaintiff's injury and the defendant's conduct. The plaintiff must show that their harm is a result of the defendant's actions, meaning there is a causal connection between the two.

Lastly, redressability means that it must be possible for the court to offer a remedy that would alleviate the plaintiff's injury. This could involve monetary compensation, injunctions, or other forms of relief that would effectively address the claimed harm.

Together, these components ensure that the plaintiff has a legitimate stake in the issue being litigated, allowing the court to exercise its authority effectively and fairly. The other options do not correctly capture the full requirements that must be met for standing, including essential elements like causation and redressability.