What are the requirements for police to make a warrantless seizure?

For police to make a warrantless seizure, it is essential that the item is visible in plain view and that the police are lawfully present at the location where the item is observed. This principle, known as the "plain view doctrine," allows officers to seize evidence without a warrant when three conditions are met:

1. The officer must be lawfully in the location where they see the item.
2. The incriminating character of the item must be immediately apparent. This means that, upon viewing the item, the officer must have probable cause to believe it is evidence of a crime.
3. The officer must have the right to access the item without engaging in illegal conduct.

This legal framework balances the need for law enforcement to effectively pursue criminal evidence while also respecting individuals' rights against unreasonable searches and seizures. Other answer choices do not accurately represent the legal standards for warrantless seizures. For instance, mobile items or those placed in secure locations do not automatically qualify for seizure without additional considerations. Similarly, the notion that a warrant is required for any item found contradicts the established exceptions under which warrantless searches and seizures can legally occur, making those options less viable in terms of the established legal doctrine.